How to combine the national conditions and explore China's own road of socialist construction in an economically and culturally backward country is a very difficult matter. Since it's exploration, there will be mistakes. After 1958, the Party began to make mistakes, even serious ones, including the great Leap Forward, setbacks in the movement of people's communes and the cultural Revolution, which affected the whole situation for ten years. Faced with the serious consequences caused by the "left" mistakes, our Party has undergone profound reflection. During an inspection tour to Northeast China from September 16 to 18, 1978, Comrade Deng Xiaoping said, "If socialism is to demonstrate its superiority, how can it be that after more than 20 years of development, people are still so poor? Why should socialism be used?" On December 13 of the same year, he delivered an important speech at the Central Work Conference. This is the famous article titled "Emancipate the Mind, Seek truth from Facts, Unite and look forward". He stressed, If we do not carry out reform now, our modernization and socialist cause will be destroyed. In fact, this speech became the keynote report of the third Plenary Session of the eleventh Central Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China, and became a manifesto for emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts in the new era.

The third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee in 1978 marked a turning point of far-reaching significance in the history of the Party since the founding of the People's Republic of China and ushered in a new era of reform, opening up and socialist modernization. After the third plenary session of the eleventh, comrade deng xiaoping as the core of the party's second generation of central collective leadership, in the face of "cultural revolution" caused a crisis situation, with large political and theoretical courage courage, led the whole party unity of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, both positive and negative experience summary of China's socialist construction, using the experience of socialism in the world, emancipate the mind, seeking truth from facts, To make the work of the party and the state center moved to the economic construction, the reform and opening up the historic decision, specifically to go its own way, the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, make "three-step" development strategy, establish the primary stage of socialism basic line, reveals the socialism essence, founded deng xiaoping theory, We have scientifically answered a series of basic questions in building socialism with Chinese characteristics and successfully created socialism with Chinese characteristics in the course of righting disorderly order and carrying out reform and opening up.

After the fourth plenary session of the thirteenth party in 1989, with comrade jiang zemin as the core of the party's third generation of central collective leadership, in the face of the complicated situation at home and abroad, in the world socialism severe twists and turns before the severe test of unity CPC led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, adhere to the party's basic theory, basic line, a defender of socialism with Chinese characteristics, According to the practice of the new established the party's basic program and basic experience, the establishment of the objectives of the reform of socialist market economic system and the basic framework, the establishment of the primary stage of socialism basic economic system and distribution system, and put forward the basic strategy for the rule of law, advancing the new great project of party building, the formation of the "three represents" important thought, created a new situation of reform and opening-up in an all-round way, We have successfully pushed socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century.

After the party's 16 big in 2002, the CPC Central Committee with comrade hu jintao as the general secretary, hold and use good important period of strategic opportunities, unity CPC led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, actively promote the innovation in practice, theory innovation, system innovation, and adhere to the people-oriented, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development, building a harmonious socialist society, to speed up the construction of ecological civilization, We have worked hard to ensure and improve people's wellbeing, promoted social fairness and justice, promoted the building of a harmonious world, improved the Party's governance capacity and advanced nature, formed a scientific outlook on Development, and successfully adhered to and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics in our great endeavor to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

In the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, China's economy has developed rapidly and society has maintained long-term stability. From 1978 to 2012, China's economy grew rapidly, and its GDP surpassed that of Italy, France, the United Kingdom and Germany successively. In 2010, China surpassed Japan and became the second largest economy in the world. At the same time, exports surpassed Germany to become the world's largest exporter. Since the industrial revolution in the 18th century, It has become the "factory of the world" following the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, and Germany, and joined the ranks of upper middle-income countries in 2010.